Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve and can lead to vision loss or permanent blindness if not managed early. Often called the “silent thief of sight”, glaucoma frequently shows no symptoms in its early stages. That’s why regular eye examinations are essential, especially for people over 40 or those with risk factors like family history, diabetes, or high eye pressure.
At Prakash Eye Hospital, we provide comprehensive glaucoma treatment in Meerut — from early diagnosis and medical management to laser therapy and advanced glaucoma surgery when needed.
What is Glaucoma?
Glaucoma or 'Kala Motia is an eye condition where fluid buildup increases pressure inside the eye (intraocular pressure), which can damage the optic nerve responsible for transmitting visual information to the brain. Although increased eye pressure is a common cause, glaucoma can develop even with normal pressure levels.
Because glaucoma may start without noticeable symptoms, many people do not realise they have the condition until significant vision changes occur. Early detection and consistent treatment are essential for preserving vision and preventing progression.
Symptoms of Glaucoma
In the early stages, glaucoma may not cause any noticeable symptoms. However, as it progresses, common signs may include:
● Gradual loss of peripheral (side) vision
● Blurred or hazy vision
● Seeing halos around lights
● Eye pain or pressure
● Severe headache with eye discomfort in acute cases
If any of these symptoms occur, a comprehensive eye exam should be scheduled promptly.
How is Glaucoma Diagnosed?
A detailed glaucoma evaluation typically includes:
● Measuring intraocular pressure (tonometry)
● Dilated retinal and optic nerve exam
● Visual field testing to check peripheral vision
● Corneal thickness measurement (pachymetry)
● Gonioscopy to assess drainage angle
These examinations help determine the type and severity of glaucoma and guide the most appropriate treatment plan.
Glaucoma Treatment Options
The goal of glaucoma treatment is to lower intraocular pressure and protect the optic nerve from further damage. Treatment plans are tailored to each patient and may include one or more of the following:
1. Medications
Prescription eye drops are the most common initial treatment. These medications work by reducing fluid production inside the eye or improving fluid drainage. Multiple types of eye drops may be used together.
2. Laser Therapy
Laser treatments help improve fluid outflow to reduce eye pressure. Procedures such as laser trabeculoplasty (for open-angle glaucoma) or laser iridotomy (for angle-closure glaucoma) are often done in an outpatient setting.
3. Glaucoma Surgery
If medications and laser therapy do not sufficiently control intraocular pressure, surgical options may be considered. These include:
● Trabeculectomy — creating a new drainage channel
● Glaucoma drainage devices/tube shunts — to aid fluid outflow
● Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery (MIGS) — newer procedures with faster recovery and fewer complications
Choosing the right approach depends on individual factors such as age, stage of glaucoma, and overall eye health.
Living with Glaucoma
Glaucoma cannot be reversed, but its progression can be slowed or halted with proper treatment and regular monitoring. Early diagnosis combined with lifelong eye care reduces the risk of vision loss. Lifestyle measures, such as maintaining healthy blood pressure and diabetes control, also support eye health.
When to See an Eye Specialist?
Seek prompt evaluation if you experience:
● Persistent eye discomfort
● Sudden changes in vision
● Halos around lights or blurred sight
● Family history of glaucoma
● Diabetic eye disease or high myopia
Regular eye check-ups after age 40 are especially important, even in the absence of symptoms.